Volume 10, Issue 2 (Autumn & Winter 2024)
KJES 2024, 10(2): 376-396 |
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Research code: KOGW6-00005
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Bakhtiari S, Khairy H, Eatemadifar M, Mirani Moghadam H, Barati R. Investigating the subsidence phenomenon of the Karat Plain using the MODFLOW mathematical model and based on the development of GMS numerical package. KJES 2024; 10 (2) :376-396
URL: http://gnf.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2919-en.html
URL: http://gnf.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2919-en.html
1- , Damghan University
2- , Damghan University ,h.khairy@du.ac.ir
3- University of Gonabad
4- Khorasan Razavi Regional Water Authority
2- , Damghan University ,
3- University of Gonabad
4- Khorasan Razavi Regional Water Authority
Abstract: (367 Views)
This study investigates the subsidence of the Karat Plain aquifer using numerical modeling and satellite remote sensing techniques. A groundwater flow model was developed using MODFLOW to simulate the hydraulic behavior of the aquifer system. The model was calibrated against observed groundwater levels and subsidence rates derived from radar interferometry data. The calibrated model exhibited a good fit, with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of approximately 80 cm. The minimum Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values in the calibration mode were about 80 cm, which show that the accuracy of the model was adequate. Examining the modeling balance as well as the balance in the existing reports have a difference of less than 20%, which is an acceptable value in groundwater modeling. The results of the sensitivity analysis also show that the aquifer has the highest sensitivity to surface water recharge and hydraulic conductivity values, respectively. Subsequently, the subsidence of the aquifer was modeled by the subpackage in GMS, in which the simulation results were also controlled with satellite images to calculate the subsidence. The results obtained from the radar interferometry method from 2015 to 2019 indicate a subsidence zone with an area of 20 square kilometers with a maximum subsidence rate of 48 mm per year. The groundwater of the Karat Plain has been in a downward trend for 20 years and the aquifer level has dropped by about 35 meters from 1370 to 1390, an average of 175 cm per year. The modeling results showed that the southern parts of the watershed are the most prone to land subsidence. The largest number of agricultural wells are also observed in these places. Comparing the results of subsidence obtained from satellite images as well as numerical modeling showed that Interbed Package is capable of simulating land subsidence under the condition of basic aquifer data.
Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Hydrogeology
Received: 2024/11/5 | Accepted: 2024/12/16 | Published: 2024/12/28
Received: 2024/11/5 | Accepted: 2024/12/16 | Published: 2024/12/28
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