Volume 10, Issue 1 (Spring & Summer 2024)
KJES 2024, 10(1): 208-233 |
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Research code: IR.SUMS.REC.1400.716
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Nematollahi M J, Karimzadeh S, Hashemi S B, Keshavarzi B. Medical mineralogy and morphology of salivary stones (sialoliths); a case study in Shiraz metropolis, Iran. KJES 2024; 10 (1) :208-233
URL: http://gnf.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2910-en.html
URL: http://gnf.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2910-en.html
1- Urmia University , mj.nematollahi@urmia.ac.ir
2- Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST)
3- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
4- Shiraz University
2- Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST)
3- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
4- Shiraz University
Abstract: (409 Views)
This study investigates the morphology and chemical composition of 21 salivary stones (sialoliths) for the first time in Iran. The morphology and elemental composition of sialoliths were assessed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS). In addition, biominerals and spectral features of functional groups in the sialoliths were identified using visible-near infrared (NIR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. Salivary stones had a mean size, weight and hardness of 11.9 mm, 0.6538 g and 2.6, respectively, with dominant colours biassed to light brown. Analysis of spectra obtained from Vis-NIR indicated that salivary stones consisted mainly of organic (C-H), carbonate compounds, and water. The FTIR spectra in all samples were qualitatively roughly similar; thus, emission spectra in the samples happened at similar wavelengths. The spectral differences were mainly related to the peak intensity. The FTIR spectra analysis obtained from sialoliths also confirmed the presence of hydroxyl, amide, aliphatic, phosphate and carbonate functional groups. High mean weight percentages of O, C, Ca and P also suggested the presence of phosphorated carbonate biominerals. Regarding the presence of phosphate spectral features in the samples, it seems that the chemical composition of sialoliths is typically similar to hydroxyl apatite, sometimes with substitutions of carbonate ions with phosphate groups. The calculated crystalline index using the FTIR spectra displayed weak crystallinity of all salivary stones. Furthermore, in most sialolith samples, a central core was surrounded by inorganic components like small amorphous and semicrystalline aggregates and sugarcane particles. The results of this study give a good insight into the sialoliths’ chemical composition and can be considered a new research line for the status of salivary stones in Iran in future studies.
Keywords: Sialolith, Salivary stone, Biomineral, Chemical composition, Morphology, Mineral spectrum.
Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Environmental Geology
Received: 2024/08/20 | Accepted: 2024/09/14 | Published: 2024/09/20
Received: 2024/08/20 | Accepted: 2024/09/14 | Published: 2024/09/20
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